Lesson 1

Alphabet

Look at these 6 different letters Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ, Ŭ and forget about these 4 Q, W, X, and Y from the English alphabets.

A, B, C('ts'), Ĉ('ch'), D, E, F, G(as like 'g' in 'god'), Ĝ(as like 'g' in 'general'), H, Ĥ(as like 'ch' in 'loch' ), I( as like 'ee' in 'see'), J(as like 'y' in 'yes'), Ĵ(as like 's' in 'measure'), K, L, M, N, O, P, R, S, Ŝ('sh'), T, U, Ŭ(as like 'w' in 'woman'), V, Z.

Personal pronouns

I - mi You - vi It - ĝi He - li She - ŝi We - ni They - ili

if we add the 'a' letter to personal pronouns it will be possessive adjectives.

Example: mia - my/mine, via - your/yours, ilia - their/theirs

Articles

There is only one definite article 'la';

Example: La brasiko - The cabbage.

There is no article like ( 'a', 'an', 'some')

Example: brasiko - a cabbage, brasikoj - some cabbages

Word endings

Every noun ends 'o'. Example: aer+o (air), bild+o (picture), bon+o (bird)

Every adjective end in 'a'. Example: ali+a=alia (other), alt+a (tall, high)

Every adverbs end in 'e'. Example: proksin+e (close by), fru+e (early), precip+e (especially)

Every Plural end in 'j'. Example: brasiko+j (cabbages), bono+j (birds), bildo+j (pictures)